I am investigating the feasibility of cultivating Dianthus caryophyllus indoors for ornamental applications. Given that carnations are traditionally grown as outdoor bedding or for cut flower production, I am interested in understanding what modifications to conventional horticultural practices might be necessary for robust indoor cultivation. Specifically, what are the optimal environmental parameters—light spectrum and intensity (with LED systems potentially being of interest), temperature, and humidity—for promoting photosynthetic efficiency and flowering in an indoor setting? Additionally, what soil composition, fertilization regimes, and irrigation practices have been documented as effective for minimizing common issues such as root rot or nutrient deficiencies when carnations are grown indoors? Finally, are there any established cultivars of carnation that have demonstrated enhanced adaptability to indoor microclimates compared to their traditional counterparts? Any insights, empirical data, or references to relevant studies would be valuable for further exploration.